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student loans

Few areas of policy have produced more confusion per borrower than student loan relief. Programmes have been created, expanded, enjoined by courts, partially reinstated and renamed, often within the same academic year. The practical effect is that a large number of borrowers do not know which repayment plan they are enrolled in, whether their previous payments count towards anything, or what a change of employer would do to their balance.

• Income-driven repayment forgiveness, where a remaining balance is discharged after a long qualifying repayment period — reliable but slow, and dependent on unbroken annual income recertification.
• Public service forgiveness for borrowers employed by government or qualifying non-profit organisations, which turns entirely on employment certification filed consistently over years.
• Discharge on specific grounds: total and permanent disability, school closure, and borrower defence where an institution misrepresented its programmes.